ABSTRACT
Objective: Using a social ecological framework, this study aimed to establish emerging mental health clinicians and researchers' perspectives about child and adolescent mental health (CAMH) in Africa.Method: Perspectives of 17 participants from Ethiopia, Kenya, South Africa, Tunisia, Uganda and Zambia, whose professional backgrounds ranged from psychiatry to speech-language therapy, were collected at an African CAMH conference. Data were gathered using open-ended questions, using an online survey. Data were analysed using theoretical thematic analysis.Results: An adapted social ecological framework highlighted: An increased need for commitment from governments to improve CAMH in Africa; and addressing mental health stigma and discrimination through community awareness. The need for specialised CAMH facilities were identified, particularly in the public health sector. The need for multi-sectoral, multi-disciplinary partnerships for advocacy, service delivery, and continuity of care were also identified. Participants emphasised the importance of CAMH awareness, and the role of governments in recognising CAMH needs and using policies to improve CAMH in Africa. Participants were hopeful about the transformation of CAMH on the continent.Conclusion: The participants prioritised government- and community-level awareness to increase the resources and support offered by CAMH services in Africa
Subject(s)
Adolescent Psychiatry , Ethiopia , Kenya , Mental Health , Research Personnel , South Africa , Tunisia , Uganda , ZambiaABSTRACT
L'hopital psychiatrique de Bingerville est le centre de reference des troubles psychiatriques en Cote d'Ivoire . Population et methode : Il s'agissait d'une etude retrospective des pathologies psychiatriques de dossiers de 100 adolescents hospitalises a l'hopital psychiatrique de Bingerville. Resultats : Ils indiquaient que; la majorite des patients (64) etait en fin d'adolescence (19-21ans). Les pathologies psychiatriques selon les criteres de l'OMS (CIM10) sont dominees par les troubles psychotiques aigus polymorphes sans symptomes schizophreniques (45); les troubles psychotiques chroniques (24) et les troubles bipolaires (20) ; tous declenches par des facteurs organiques (47); des facteurs psychologiques (37) et medicamenteux (16). Commentaires : Les facteurs qui ont declenche ou favorise ces decompensations etaient d'ordre organique; psychologique et medicamenteux (non observance d'un traitement psychotrope)
Subject(s)
Adolescent Psychiatry , Psychiatric Department, HospitalABSTRACT
Objective. This study aimed to identify the socio-demographic characteristics; pattern of psychiatric disorders and management of children and adolescents before the setting up of a dedicated child and adolescent unit at the University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital; Ilorin; Nigeria.Method. A retrospective study; carried out at the Department of Behavioural Sciences of the hospital.Results. The age range of the 94 children seen was 7 - 19 years; with a mean of 16.38 years (standard deviation 2.49); 82 were aged 14 - 19 years and 17 7 - 13 years; while only 1 child was under 7 years old. The majority of the children lived with their parents in monogamous families with 5 or more children. The majority of the parents were educated and gainfully employed.The major diagnoses were schizophrenia (50); delirium (15) and seizure disorders (9). Of the patients 64 were managed as outpatients and 36 as inpatients. Drug therapy was involved in the majority of cases; and the most frequently prescribed medication was haloperidol; atypical antipsychotics such as risperidone being used in only 8 of cases.Most of the patients were referred from the primary care-associated departments of the hospital; i.e. the general outpatient department (40) and the internal medicine and paediatrics departments (29). Referrals from welfare; judicial and educational institutions were uncommon (3).Conclusion. The pattern of patient presentation and management had not changed to any great extent over the past two decades. The introduction of a child and adolescent psychiatric unit is expected to improve consultation/liaison psychiatry and also child psychiatric service delivery and research. Understanding of the prevalence and pattern of presentation of mental disorders and their management is also expected to help improve the strategic planning and organisation of the new clinic
Subject(s)
Adolescent Psychiatry , Child Psychiatry , Hospitals, Teaching , Medical Audit , Mental Health , Nigeria , Patient Care Management , SchizophreniaABSTRACT
Cette etude retrospective de 224 dossiers colliges de janvier 1986 a decembre 1991 ressort les differentes pathologies psychiatriques induites par l'usage et l'abus des drogues au Niger. Sur le plan epidemiologique et social l'accent est mis sur la predominance masculine des jeunes avec un pic entre 21-30 ans. Les principaux facteurs qui conduisent a la prise des drogues sont : les travaux penibles des champs; l'exode; l'appartenance a un groupe particulier et la recherche d'un enrichissement personnel
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adolescent Psychiatry , Social Conditions , Substance-Related DisordersABSTRACT
L'epanouissement physique d'une jeune fille s'accompagne generalement d'un developpement psycho-affectif se traduisant par pluseiurs actes. Deja fragilisee par ces troubles de conduite; comme l'exprime le cas de Marie France dans ce texte; l'adolescente tombe ainsi dans des troubles mentaux difficiles a maitriser. L'imperatif a cet effet est celui d'un diagnostic precoce et sur le plan de la therapeutique; la chimiotherapie est souvent necessaire mais pose des problemes pour la prescription des psychtropes a cet age